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Mobile Phone Patent Abstract
A method for providing a positive transmitter power switch-on in
a dual-mode mobile phone is disclosed. According to the invention
the transmitter is switched on in two or more phases, controlled
by the mobile phone microprocessor program. Preferably the power
amplifier sections are switched on in a sequence, so that the output
power amplifier sections (3 and 4) are first switched on by enabling
the transmit enable signal (TXE). Then the input power amplifier
sections (1 and 2) are switched on by enabling ramp-up signal (RAMP-UP)
Transmission is thereafter enabled by the transmit power control
signal (TXC) being switched on, the amplifiers then output the amplified
radio frequency input signal (RFIN) to the duplex circuit (10) transmit
terminal (TX).
Mobile Phone Patent Claims
We claim:
1. A method for providing a positive transmitter power switch-on
of a transmitter in a dual-mode mobile radiotelephone having programmable
logic in the digital mode for controlling switching-on of at least
two transmitting power amplifier sections coupled in series to a
duplex circuit, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) sequentially switching on power amplifier sections so as to
prevent a broad frequency spectrum of the transmitter from arising
in an initial transmission phase of the transmitter due to impedance
level changes at each transmitter power amplifier section; and thereafter
(b) switching on a transmit power control signal, which enables
a signal input to the transmitting power amplifier sections coupled
in series to be amplified and output to the duplex circuit.
2. A method as in claim 1, wherein the step of sequentially switching
on comprises:
switching on the output power amplifier sections by enabling a
transmit enable signal; and thereafter
switching on input power amplifier sections by enabling a ramp-up
signal.
3. A method as in claim 1, wherein the step of sequentially switching
on comprises switching on the power amplifier sections (1-4) by
enabling a transmit enable signal (TXE) and a ramp-up signal (RAMP-UP).
4. A method as in claim 1, wherein said power amplifier sections
include preamplifier sections and power amplifier sections, and
further comprising the steps of:
switching on collector voltages to said preamplifier sections at
the same time voltages to the power amplifier sections are sequentially
switched on,
switching on base voltages to the preamplifier sections with a
signal at a RAMP-UP terminal, and
switching on a transmitter power control which controls an output
level at an output of said transmitting power amplifier sections.
5. A method for providing a positive transmitter power switch-on
of a transmitter in a dual-mode mobile radiotelephone having programmable
logic in the digital mode for controlling switching-on of at least
an input power amplifier and output power amplifier sections coupled
in series to a duplex circuit, the method comprising the steps of:
a) switching on output power amplifier sections (3 and 4) by enabling
a transmit enable signal (TXE); and thereafter
b) switching on input power amplifier sections (1 and 2) by enabling
a ramp-up signal (RAMP-UP) so as to prevent a broad frequency spectrum
of the transmitter from arising in an initial transmission phase
of the transmitter due to impedance level changes at each transmitter
power amplifier section; and
c) switching on a transmit power control signal (TXC), which enables
a signal (RFIN) input to the transmitting power amplifier sections
coupled in series (1-4) to be amplified and output to the duplex
circuit (10).
6. A dual-mode mobile radiotelephone operated in accordance with
the method of any of the claims 1-4.
Mobile Phone Patent Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method for providing a positive transmitter
power switch-on in a dual-mode mobile radiotelephone having a programmable
logic in the digital mode controlling the switching-on of two or
more transmitting power amplifier sections.
In digital mobile radiotelephones planned to operate according
to North American dual-mode standard it is required that the transmitter
must be switched off during certain specified intervals when the
mobile phone operates in the digital mode. The transmitter is switched
on for transmission during transmission intervals. A simple on/off
switching of the transmitter produces some negative effects, e.g.
a very broad frequency spectrum of the transmitter in the initial
transmission phase.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of
switching the transmitter that is effectively eliminates the drawbacks
of simple transmitter on/off switching in digital mobile radio telephones.
It is further an object of this invention to provide a transmitter
arrangement operating according to the inventive method.
According to the inventive method the transmitter is switched on
in two or more phases that ensure a stable operation of the transmitter.
The method of the preferred embodiment consists of the steps of
sequentially switching on the power amplifier sections; and thereafter
switching on the transmit power control signal. In another embodiment
the sequential amplifier switch on consists of two steps: switching
on the output power amplifier sections by enabling the transmit
enable signal; and thereafter switching on the input power amplifier
sections by enabling the ramp-up signal.
Still another embodiment comprises the steps of first switching
on the output power amplifier sections by enabling the transmit
enable signal; and thereafter switching on the input power amplifier
sections by enabling the ramp-up signal, and switching on the transmit
power control signal.
The inventive dual-mode mobile radiotelephone operates in accordance
with the method as described.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention is further described by way of example with reference
to the accompanying drawing, in which the only figure is a block
diagram showing the main parts of the digital transmitter in a dual-mode
mobile radio telephone.
DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS
In the figure the transmitter in a dual-mode mobile radio telephone
operating according to the North American dual-mode standard is
connected to transmitter input TX of the duplex circuit 10, the
output of which is connected to the antenna 11. The receiving parts
(not shown) of the mobile phone are connected to the RX interface
of the duplex circuit 10. The analog parts of the mobile phone operating
according to the AMPS standard are not shown in the figure.
The radio frequency signal to be transmitted -- which in this case
is of the order 850 MHz -- is connected to the transmitter section
input RFIN at the voltage controlled amplifier/attenuator 5, the
output of which is connected to a series of controllable linear
power amplifiers 1, 2, 3 and 4. The output of the last amplifier
4 is connected to the TX terminal of the duplex circuit 10.
In this example the amplifier stages 1 and 2 are simultaneously
controlled on/off by a ramp-up control circuit 6 controlled by the
signal at the RAMP-UP input. The control circuit 6 consists of a
series transistor, which connects on/off the regulated bias to the
amplifiers 1 and 2. The power amplifier stages 3 and 4 are controlled
on/off by respective bias control circuits 8 and 9. These bias control
circuits 8 and 9 are controlled by the MODE input. The control circuits
6, 8 and 9 receive a regulated bias signal through the regulator
circuit 7 controlled by the signal at the TXE input. The voltage
regulator 7 and the bias control circuits 8 and 9, as well as the
power amplifiers 3 and 4 are connected to the main battery voltage
+V, e.g. +5 V.
The transmitter section output power level is controlled in a closed
loop through the power control block 13, consisting essentially
of a voltage controlled circuit including a comparator and an amplifier.
The power output to the duplex circuit 10 is measured with a sensor
device 12, essentially a directional coupler, which generates a
signal output at terminal TXI to the controlling logic and connected
to the power control block 13. The power control block 13 receives
a controlling signal through the TXC input and compares this TXC
signal with the measurement signal from circuit 12, whereby the
difference is amplified and connected as a negative feedback signal
to the voltage controlled amplifier/attenuator 5.
The terminals TXE, RAMP-UP, MODE, TXC and TXI are connected to
the controlling logic (not shown in the figure) of the dual-mode
mobile phone. The logic is realized with a microprocessor or a suitable
controller known in the industry. The logic also includes suitable
programs that control the operation of the mobile phone according
to the appropriate standards and to the wishes of the user.
According to the requirements this transmitter arrangement has
to operate in two modes, controlled by the MODE signal. In the analog
mode (AMPS) there is required a continuous full or pre-defined power
of the transmitter. In the digital mode the required power or efficiency
may be lower, due to a pulsed operating principle. According to
the appropriate standards the digital mode consists of a pulsed
operation, i.e. the transmitter is sequentially connected on during
a period 6,7 ms and off during a period 2.times.6,7 ms. Thus in
the digital mode the transmitter is on or transmitting only one
third of the time and off or not transmitting two thirds of the
time. The transmitter must not connect any spurious signals or noise
through amplifiers 1-4 to the antenna during the off period (according
to the requirements the antenna signal must be less than -60 dBm
during the off period).
The straightforward solution to the pulsed operation would be to
switch the transmitter totally on and off, in response to a controlling
signal, in this case e.g. the signals TXE (enable), TXC and MODE
being connected on/off at the same moment controlled by the mobile
phone logic or the microprocessor. This would, however, produce
a very broad frequency spectrum at the antenna output at the beginning
of each transmission period, before the transmitter is stabilized.
This instable operation occurs due to the impedance level changes
at each amplifier section, when the power is switched on. This instability
period would also have a negative effect on the synthesizer circuit,
degrading the frequency stability.
According to the invention the transmitter is connected on in a
controlled sequence. This sequence can be started in advance to
the transmitting period, so that the period timing of the pulsed
operation is fulfilled.
According to the invention the signal switching order in the controlled
sequence can be chosen in different ways, so that it suits the requirements
and the operation of the mobile phone in question.
In the preferred embodiment the power on sequence is as follows
(the digital mode is switched on, MODE input enabling the digital
operation):
1. The voltages to the power amplifiers 3 and 4 are switched on,
controlled by the signal at the TXE (transmit enable) terminal.
At the same time collector voltages to the preamplifier stages 1
and 2 are switched on.
2. The base voltages to the preamplifier stages 1 and 2 are switched
on with the signal at the RAMP-UP terminal.
3. The TXC (transmitter power control) signal is switched on, controlling
the output level at the amplifier 4 output.
This sequential switching on ensures a stable operation. The impedance
levels of the transmitter stages is stabilized before the power
control TXC, or the proper on-signal, is switched on. This sequence
function also stabilizes the synthesizer frequency control, due
to the stable impedance levels.
Alternatively it is contemplated to switch on the amplifiers 1-4
in the sequence 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - TXC. Still another possibility is
to switch on the TXE and RAMP-UP simultaneously and the TXC signal
a short moment later when the amplifier impedance levels are stabilized.
Further it is conceivable to switch on the enable signal TXE in
the first stage (enabling the amplifiers 3 and 4), then in the second
stage the RAMP-UP and TXC signals simultaneously. And of course
it is still possible to switch on all transmit enabling signals
TXE, RAMP-UP, TXC at the same moment. In all alternatives above
it is supposed that the digital mode is enabled by the signal at
the MODE terminal.
It is understood that the power switch-off presents no major problems,
as compared to those present at power switch-on. Therefore the power
can be switched off at all amplifiers 1-4 essentially at the same
moment.
The present invention provides the means to switch on the power
of a dual-mode mobile radio telephone in a controlled manner, so
as to minimize the transmission irregularities at the power switch-on.
Therefore, while a particular embodiment of the invention has been
described and shown, it should be understood that the invention
is not limited thereto since many modifications may be made by those
skilled in the art. It is therefore contemplated to cover by the
present application any and all such modifications that fall within
the true spirit and scope of the basic underlying principles disclosed
and claimed herein.
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